We combine state of the art X-ray measurements with computer simulations and immune cell measurements to delineate structural design principles for molecules that modulate of Toll-like receptor signaling. Of particular interest are electrostatically self-assembled antimicrobial peptide-nucleic acid nanocrystals that amplify inflammation in autoimmune disease (Lee et al. Adv. Coll. Int. Sci 2016, Lee et al. ACS Nano 2017, Lee et al. Nature Comm. 2019).
Nanocrystalline ordering of AMP-dsRNA complexes modulates TLR3 activation.